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Returns the characters in a string beginning at the specified location through the specified number of characters.
Method of String
Syntax
substr( start[, length] )
Parameters
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| start | Location at which to begin extracting characters. |
| length | The number of characters to extract |
Description
start is a character index. The index of the first character is 0, and the index of the last character is 1 less than the length of the string. substr begins extracting characters at start and collects length number of characters.
- If start is positive and is the length of the string or longer, substr returns no characters.
- If start is negative, substr uses it as a character index from the end of the string. If start is negative and abs(start) is larger than the length of the string, substr uses 0 is the start index.
- If length is 0 or negative, substr returns no characters. If length is omitted, start extracts characters to the end of the string.